Why is it significant for the calculated load to be less than the transformer capacity?

It is essential for the calculated load to be less than the transformer capacity primarily to prevent transformer overload and inefficiencies. When the load on a transformer exceeds its capacity, it can lead to overheating, reduced efficiency, and potential failure. Transformers are designed to operate within a specific range of loads, and exceeding this range can not only damage the equipment but can also compromise the safety and reliability of the electrical system.

Maintaining a calculated load that is below the transformer’s capacity ensures that there is a safety margin, allowing for variations in demand and preventing the transformer from becoming stressed. This practice promotes better performance, longevity of the equipment, and overall system reliability, which is critical in any electrical installation. Thus, safeguarding against overload is a key consideration in designing and calculating electrical systems.